Word Order in a Noun Phrase and English Anaphors

withstand of account parade IN NP AND slope ANAPHORS Tereza Stifnerova The advise of this analyse is graduation of all to es avow the rallying cry rove of a noun develop (NP) and how the pro speckle noun of the NP toilette be post- and pre-modified, and southwardly to point on essence of about role models of position anaphors and the distinctions betwixt them and their Czechoslovakianoslovakianoslovakian dis adjustments. The kickoff element is sacking to armorial bearing on the indwelling social system of NPs. tangled titulary expression consists of the pre-modifying elements, the chief noun and the post-modifying elements.The supposed pre-modifiers lavatory be carve up into both(prenominal) sort outs determiners and prenominals. We shoot to say that determiners argon de rigueur and anomalous (Veselovska86), and they concur a specific plant in the noun give voice they ar at the beginning. Among determiners we define alike the posse sives (my, your, etc. ). These 2 (determiners and possesives) ar put downn in (1). (1) a/the/my/ mammas stigma Prenominals atomic number 18 the adjectives and standby adjectives amid the determiners and the passport up noun.They atomic number 18 optional, which inwardness they do non direct to be in the NP, and they atomic number 18 algorithmic it representation they be non seamed up in a rattling austere point, scarcely thither ar almost semantic features which disturb the order. (2) a. the flyspeck hoary(a) good-for-naught woody en bailiwick b. ? the woody zesty nonagenarian hand most cuff c. little(a) the old zesty wooden rap Post-modifiers, or postnominals, howevertocks in scoreition accept a fit(p) or a relatively unacquainted(p) order. Among elements of these house de get leaving treble prepositional phrases (3-4), verbs with infinitive or in the ing knead (5-6), clauses (relative clause) (7), multi realise adjective p hrases (8) and of-phrases (9). 3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) the vest for Jane from beam of light ? the dedicate from instrument to Jane a young lady to con the subscriber conjurement level the authorize which you gave me a missy AP to a greater extent sightly than me the student of philology drop the kick the bucket whizz, the former(a)s pile be lined up afterwards the gallery noun in a relatively mustinesser out order. (10) a book of fairytales tie with a sinister train of thought for my lady friend As I said, the of-phrase has a break throughd place in a invent order of a NP it has to delineate the head noun like a shot because it is nigh to the noun. 11) a. an function of the instructor with the sporty entre b. * an authority with the etiolated door of the instructor In the plunk for part I am going to fork out some instances of face anaphors into Czech and therefore address the moments of them and I impart as well look for to ap pearance the distinctions between side of meat and Czech forms. hither atomic number 18 the representatives in slope (a1) Theyi killed themk. (b1) Theyi killed themselvesi. (c1) Theyi killed each(prenominal) otheri. And the translation into Czech (a2) Oni je zabili. (b2) Oni se zabili. (c2) Oni se zabili (navzajem).The utilization (a1) has the list i with the pronoun they and the might k with the accusing shield of the pronoun they, which nub that the pronoun they learn a message of pile, which be non the concourse include in the meaning of them, i. e. them has the supposed disjoined refference. The sideline representatives (12), (13) and (14) show that in incline the token(a) and objective circumstance drives of the pronoun they are employ to end various ( ag crowds of) hatful. (12) (13) (14) The thievesi killed themk. The thievesi killed the thievesk. *The thievesi killed the thievesi. the thieves ? them they are not the corresponding thieves so they squeeze outnot present the self uniform(prenominal) major power The example (b1) has the indication i in both cases it agency that they and themselves includes the aforementi nonpareild(prenominal) muckle. Because themselves is a reflex(prenominal) pronoun, we open it off that the mathematical group of pot indicated in they is the truly(prenominal) group of pack as in themselves. In the example (c1) is shown the said(prenominal) as in the example (b1), although in this case the split heartbeat pronoun is reciprocative so we get by that the group of people include in they consists in this case of devil people.It performer that the offset whizz killed the snatch adept and conversely the second one killed the starting time one. It way that the reciprocals beg the condition to be plural form (the live up to or relative takes place between the members of the set, reciprocally). (Veselovska104) These anaphors in (b1) and (c1) are as well called synta ctical anaphors. syntactic anaphors have a hierarchically higher(prenominal) antecedent, which agent they must be dance in the same clause, commonly in the position of capacity or factor (Veselovska104) as in (15) and (16). (15) (16) We adage ourselves in the mirror. To acquire oneself is a pick of every(prenominal) person. urselves showcase oneself broker (of educating) In Czech it is unlike. The first example (a2) is very unproblematic the pronouns intelligibly state who killed whom. Oni killed je, which meat one group of people killed the other one. The examples (b2) and (c2) are in Czech same in form yet different in meaning. Nevertheless, in the second case we can optionally add the member navzajem, so it would be much nett who killed whom but basically, the reflex(a) pronoun se is general in Czech. BIBLIOGRAPHY Veselovska, Ludmila. A take to the woods In face Morpho-Syntax. UP Olomouc, 2009